BY SACNILK

India has 28 states and 8 Union territories in this country. Bihar is a state in East India, bordering Nepal. Bihar is the twelfth largest state by area and third largest state by population in the Indian state. The world’s third-most populous sub-national entity.## The Chief Minister of Bihar is the chief executive of the Indian state of Bihar which is appointed by a state’s governor. The chief minister is the leader of the state Legislative assembly. They would be the chief adviser to the nominal head of their respected state. All new principal announcements of policy are made by him on the floor of the house. The Chief Minister supervises and co­ordinates the policies of the several Ministers involved in the formulation and implementation of a policy and department. For the removal of ministers, the governor is dependent on the chief minister because the governor can’t remove/dismiss ministers at his will. The Chief Minister has a free hand in preparing the list of his colleagues and also he may ask anyone of his colleagues to resign.## The Bihar Legislative Assembly is the Bicameral state legislature of Tripura state. Bihar Legislative Assembly having 243 seats, headed by a speaker. Bihar state sends 40 members of Lok Sabha and 15 members of Rajya Sabha. The Chief Minister heads the executive, which is made up of the party or coalition elected with a majority in the legislature. Chief minister guide and control the activity of other ministers. The maximum term serves of chief minister is for five years and is subject to no term limits. The Formation of the first chiefs minister in Bihar on 26 January 1950.## Sr No. Name Constituency Tenure Party 1. Shri Krishna Sinha Basantpur West 2 April 1946 to 31 January 1961 Indian National Congress 2. Deep Narayan Singh Hajipur 1 February 1961 to 18 February 1961 (17 days) Indian National Congress 3. Binodanand Jha Rajmahal 18 February 1961 to 2 October 1963 (2 years 226 days) Indian National Congress 4. Krishna Ballabh Sahay Patna West 2 October 1963 to 5 March 1967 (3 years 154 days) Indian National Congress 5. Mahamaya Prasad Sinha Patna West 5 March 1967 to 28 January 1968 (330 days) Jana Kranti Dal 6. Satish Prasad Singh Parbatta 28 January 1968 to 1 February 1968 (5 days) Samyukta Socialist Party 7. Bindheshwari Prasad Mandal Madhepura 1 February 1968 to 22 March 1968 (51 days) Samyukta Socialist Party 8. Bhola Paswan Shastri Korha 22 March 1968 to 29 June 1968 (100 days) Indian National Congress 9. Harihar Singh Nayagram 26 February 1969 to 22 June 1969 (117 days) Indian National Congress 10. Bhola Paswan Shastri (2nd Term) Korha 22 June 1969 to 4 July 1969 (13 days) Indian National Congress (O) President Rule N/A 225 days N/A 11. Daroga Prasad Rai Parsa 16 February 1970 to 22 December 1970 (310 days) Indian National Congress 12. Karpoori Thakur Tajpur 22 December 1970 to 2 June 1971 (163 days) Socialist Party 13. Bhola Paswan Shastri (3rd Term) Korha 2 June 1971 to 9 January 1972 (222 days) Indian National Congress 14. Kedar Pandey Nautan 19 March 1972 to 2 July 1973 (1 year 105 days) Indian National Congress 15. Abdul Gafoor Mahishi 2 July 1973 to 11 April 1975 (1 year 283 days) Indian National Congress 16. Jagannath Mishra Jhanjharpur 11 April 1975 to 30 April 1977 (2 years 19 days) Indian National Congress President Rule N/A 54 days N/A 17. Karpoori Thakur (2nd Term) Phulpuras 24 June 1977 to 21 April 1979 (1 year 301 days) Janata Dal 18. Ram Sundar Das Sonepur 21 April 1979 to 17 February 1980 (302 days) Janata Dal President Rule N/A 110 days N/A 19. Jagannath Mishra (2nd Term) Jhanjharpur 8 June 1980 to 14 August 1983 (3 years 67 days) Indian National Congress 20. Chandrashekhar Singh Ballia 14 August 1983 to 12 March 1985 (1 year 210 days) Indian National Congress 21. Bindeshwari Dubey Shahpur 12 March 1985 to 13 February 1988 (2 years 338 days) Indian National Congress 22. Bhagwat Jha Azad Bihar 14 February 1988 to 10 March 1989 (1 year 24 days) Indian National Congress 23. Satyendra Narayan Sinha Aurangabad 11 March 1989 to 6 December 1989 (270 days) Indian National Congress 24. Jagannath Mishra (3rd Term) Jhanjharpur 6 December 1989 to 10 March 1990 (94 days) Indian National Congress 25. Lalu Prasad Yadav Saran 10 March 1990 to 28 March 1995 (5 years 18 days) Janata Dal President Rule N/A 6 days N/A 26. Lalu Prasad Yadav (2nd Term) Raghopur 4 April 1995 to 25 July 1997 (2 years 112 days) Janata Dal 27. Rabri Devi Saran 25 July 1997 to 11 February 1999 (1 year 201 days) Rashtriya Janata Dal President Rule N/A 25 days N/A 28. Rabri Devi (2nd Term) Saran 9 March 1999 to 2 March 2000 (359 days) Rashtriya Janata Dal 29. Nitish Kumar Nalanda 3 March 2000 to 10 March 2000 (7 days) Samata Party 30. Rabri Devi (3rd Term) Raghopur 11 March 2000 to 6 March 2005 (4 years 360 days) Rashtriya Janata Dal 31. Nitish Kumar (2nd Term) NITISH KUMAR (2012) 24 November 2005 to 20 May 2014 (8 years 177 days) Janata Dal 32. Jitan Ram Manjhi Makhdumpur 20 May 2014 to 22 February 2015 (278 days) Janata Dal 33. Nitish Kumar (3rd Term) (2018-2024) NITISH KUMAR 22 February 2015 to present Janata Dal ⦿Did you know? 1.Total 23 people have been served as a Chief Minister of Bihar state.## 2. Nickname of Nitish Kumar is Munna.## 3.Rabri Devi became the first woman Chief Minister of Bihar on 25 July 1997 after her husband Lalu Prasad Yadav had to resign as the Chief Minister following the arrest warrant issued against him in corruption charges.## Stay Tuned...

BY SACNILK

In India has 28 state and 8 Union territories as of April 2021 in this country. Uttar Pradesh is the fourth largest state by area and the first largest state by population in Indian country. Lucknow is the capital of Uttar Pradesh.## The Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh is the chief executive of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh which is appointed by a state’s governor. The chief minister is the leader of the state Legislative assembly. They would be the chief adviser to the nominal head of their respected state. All new principal announcements of policy are made by him on the floor of the house. The Chief Minister supervises and co­ordinates the policies of the several Ministers involved in the formulation and implementation of a policy and department. For the removal of ministers, the governor dependent on the chief minister because the governor can’t remove/dismiss ministers at his will. The Chief Minister has a free hand in preparing the list of his colleagues and also he may ask anyone of his colleagues to resign.## Uttar Pradesh has the lower house of a bicameral legislature, the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly has 403 seats, headed by a speaker. Uttar Pradesh state sends 80 members to the Lok Sabha and 31 members to the Rajya Sabha. The Chief Minister heads the executive, which is made up of the party or coalition elected with a majority in the legislature. Chief minister guide and control the activity of other ministers. The maximum term serves of chief minister is for five years and is subject to no term limits. The first chief minister formed was on 26 January 1950.## Sr No. Name Constituency Tenure Party 1. Govind Ballabh Pant Bareilly 26 January 1950 to 27 December 1954 (4 years 335 days) Indian National Congress 2. Dr Sampurnanand Varanasi South 28 December 1954 to 6 December 1960 (5 years 344 days) Indian National Congress 3. Chandrabhanu Gupta Ranikhet South 7 December 1960 to 1 October 1963 (2 years 298 days) Indian National Congress 4. Sucheta Kripalani Menhdawal 2 October 1963 to 13 March 1967 (3 years 162 days) Indian National Congress 5. Chandrabhanu Gupta (2nd Term) Ranikhet 14 March 1967 to 2 April 1967 (19 days) Indian National Congress 6. Chaudhary Charan Singh Chhaprauli 3 April 1967 to 25 February 1968 (328 days) Bharatiya Kranti Dal President rule N/A 1 year N/A 7. Chandrabhanu Gupta (3rd Term) Ranikhet 26 February 1969 to 17 February 1970 (356 days) Indian National Congress 8. Chaudhary Charan Singh (2nd Term) Chhaprauli 18 February 1970 to 1 October 1970 (225 days) Bharatiya Kranti Dal President rule N/A 17 days N/A 9. Tribhuvan Narain Singh MLC 18 October 1970 to 3 April 1971 (167 days) Indian National Congress (O) 10. Kamalapati Tripathi Chandauli 4 April 1971 to 12 June 1973 (2 years 69 days) Indian National Congress President rule N/A 148 days N/A 11. Hemwati Nandan Bahuguna Bara 8 November 1973 to 29 November 1975 (2 years 21 days) Indian National Congress President rule N/A 52 days N/A 12. Narayan Dutt Tiwari Kashipur 21 January 1976 to 30 April 1977 (1 year 99 days) Indian National Congress President rule N/A 54 days N/A 13. Ram Naresh Yadav Nidhauli Kalan 23 June 1977 to 27 February 1979 (1 year 249 days) Janata Party 14. Babu Banarasi Das Hapur 28 February 1979 to 17 February 1980 (354 days) Janata Party President rule N/A 113 days N/A 15. Vishwanath Pratap Singh Tindwari 9 June 1980 to 18 July 1982 (2 years 39 days) Indian National Congress 16. Sripati Mishra Isauli 19 July 1982 to 2 August 1984 (2 years 14 days) Indian National Congress 17. Narayan Dutt Tiwari (2nd Term) Kashipur 3 August 1984 to 24 September 1985 (1 year 52 days) Indian National Congress 18. Vir Bahadur Singh Paniyara 24 September 1985 to 24 June 1988 (2 years 274 days) Indian National Congress 19. Narayan Dutt Tiwari (3rd Term) Kashipur 25 June 1988 to 5 December 1989 (1 year 163 days) Indian National Congress 20. Mulayam Singh Yadav Jaswantnagar 5 December 1989 to 24 June 1991 (1 year 201 days) Janata Dal 21. Kalyan Singh Atrauli 24 June 1991 to 6 December 1992 (1 year 165 days) Bharatiya Janata party President rule N/A 363 days N/A 22. Mulayam Singh Yadav (2nd Term) Jaswantnagar 4 December 1993 to 3 June 1995 (1 year 181 days) Samajwadi Party 23. Mayawati Harora 3 June 1995 to 18 October 1995 (137 days) Bahujan Samaj party President rule N/A N/A 24. Mayawati (2nd Term) Harora 21 March 1997 to 21 September 1997 (184 days) Bahujan Samaj Party 25. Kalyan Singh (2nd Term) Atrauli 21 September 1997 to 12 November 1999 (2 years 52 days) Bharatiya Janata Party 26. Ram Prakash Gupta MLC 351 days Bharatiya Janata party 27. Rajnath Singh Haidergarh 28 October 2000 to 8 March 2002 (1 year 131 days) Bharatiya Janata party President rule N/A 56 days N/A 28. Mayawati (3rd Term) Harora 3 May 2002 to 29 August 2003 (1 year 118 days) Bahujan Samaj Party 29. Mulayam Singh Yadav (3rd Term) Gunnaur 29 August 2003 to 13 May 2007 (3 years 257 days) Samajwadi Party 30. Mayawati (4th Term) MLC 13 May 2007 to 15 March 2012 (4 years 307 days) Bahujan Samaj Party 31. Akhilesh Yadav MLC 15 March 2012 to 19 March 2017 (5 years 4 days) Samajwadi Party 32. Yogi Adityanath MLC 19 March 2017 to present Bharatiya Janata party ⦿Did you know? 1.22 people served as chief ministers of Uttar Pradesh.## 2.Uttar Pradesh had two women chief ministers— Sucheta Kripalani and Mayawati.## 3.Jagdambika Pal is thus the shortest reigning chief minister of any Indian state. He served cm for 1 day only.## 4.Uttar Pradesh is famous for the two gods Lord Rama and Lord Krishna birthplaces and it also attracts the people because of Taj Mahal.## 5.Yogi Adityanath is an Indian Hindu monk and politician serving as the 22nd and current Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh of Indian state.## Stay Tuned...

BY SACNILK

India has 28 states and 8 Union territories as of April 2021 in this country. Assam state is one of the world’s most populous subdivisions. Assam is the sixteenth largest state by area and the fourteenth largest state by population in Indian country.## The Chief Minister of Assam is the chief executive of the Indian state of Assam which is appointed by a state’s governor. The chief minister is the leader of the state Legislative assembly. They would be the chief adviser to the nominal head of their respected state. All new principal announcements of policy are made by him on the floor of the house. The Chief Minister supervises and co­ordinates the policies of the several Ministers involved in the formulation and implementation of a policy and department. For the removal of ministers, the governor dependent on the chief minister because the governor can’t remove/dismiss ministers at his will. The Chief Minister has a free hand in preparing the list of his colleagues and also he may ask anyone of his colleagues to resign.## Assam had one legislature house and chamber, the Assam Legislative Assembly has 126 seats, headed by a speaker. Assam state sends 14 members to the Lok Sabha and 7 members to the Rajya Sabha. The Chief Minister heads the executive, which is made up of the party or coalition elected with a majority in the legislature. Chief minister guide and control the activity of other ministers. The maximum term serves of chief minister is for five years and is subject to no term limits. The first chief minister formed was on 26 January 1950.## Sr No. Name Constituency Tenure Party 1. Sir Syed Muhammad Saadullah Kamrup 1 April 1937 to 19 September 1938 (1 year 171 days) Assam United Muslim Party 2. Gopinath Bordoloi Kamrup Sadar 19 September 1938 to 17 November 1939 (1 year 59 days) Indian National Congress 3. Sir Syed Muhammad Saadullah (2nd Term) Kamrup 17 November 1939 to 24 December 1941 (2 years 37 days) Assam United Muslim Party President rule N/A 242 days N/A 4. Sir Syed Muhammad Saadullah (3rd Term) Kamrup 25 August 1942 to 11 February 1946 (3 years 170 days) Assam United Muslim Party 5. Gopinath Bordoloi Kamrup Sadar 11 February 1946 to 6 August 1950 (4 years 176 days) Indian National Congress 6. Bishnuram Medhi Hajo 9 August 1950 to 27 December 1957 (7 years 140 days) Indian National Congress 7. Bimala Prasad Chaliha Sonari 28 December 1957 to 6 November 1970 (12 years 313 days) Indian National Congress 8. Mahendra Mohan Choudhry Guwahati East 11 November 1970 to 30 January 1972 (1 year 80 days) Indian National Congress 9. Sarat Chandra Singha Bilasipara East 31 January 1972 to 12 March 1978 (6 years 40 days) Indian National Congress 10. Golap Borbora Tinsukia 12 March 1978 to 4 September 1979 (1 year 176 days) Janata party 11. Jogendra Nath Hazarika Duliajan 9 September 1979 to 11 December 1979 (93 days) Janata party President rule N/A 359 days N/A 12. Syeda Anwara Taimur Dalgaon Indian National Congress President rule N/A 197 days N/A 13. Kesab Chandra Gogoi Dibrugarh 13 January 1982 to 19 March 1982 (65 days) Indian National Congress President rule N/A 345 days N/A 14. Hiteswar Saikia Nazira 27 February 1983 to 23 December 1985 (2 years 299 days) Indian National Congress 15. Prafulla Kumar Mahanta Nowgong 24 December 1985 to 28 November 1990 (4 years 339 days) Asom Gana Parishad President rule N/A 214 days N/A 16. Hiteswar Saikia (2nd Term) Nazira 30 June 1991 to 22 April 1996 (4 years 297 days) Indian National Congress 17. Bhumidhar Barman Barkhetry 22 April 1996 to 14 May 1996 (22 days) Indian National Congress 18. Prafulla Kumar Mahanta (2nd Term) Barhampur 15 May 1996 to 17 May 2001 (5 years 2 days) Asom Gana Parishad 19. Tarun Gogoi Titabar 18 May 2001 to 24 May 2016 (15 years 6 days) Indian National Congress 20. Sarbananda Sonowal Majuli 24 May 2016 to present Bharatiya Janata party ⦿Did you know? 1.14 people served as Chief Minister of Assam state.## 2.Golap Borbora consequently became the first non-congress Chief Minister of Assam.## 3.Tarun Gogoi is the longest-serving chief minister in Assam, having served for 15 years.## Stay Tuned...

BY SACNILK

India has 28 states and 8 Union territories in this country. Nagaland became the sixteenth state of India on 1 December 1963. Nagaland is Twenty-five in terms of largest state by area and Twenty-five in term of population in India country.## The Chief Minister of Nagaland is the chief executive of the Indian state of Nagaland which is appointed by a state's governor. The chief minister is the leader of the state Legislative assembly. They would be the chief adviser to the nominal head of their respected state. All new principal announcements of policy are made by him on the floor of the house. The Chief Minister supervises and co­ordinates the policies of the several Ministers involved in the formulation and implementation of a policy and department. For the removal of ministers, the governor is dependent on the chief minister because the governor can’t remove/dismiss ministers at his will. The Chief Minister has a free hand in preparing the list of his colleagues and also he may ask anyone of his colleagues to resign.## Nagaland has one legislature house and chamber, the Nagaland Legislative Assembly has 60 seats, headed by a speaker. Nagaland state sends 1 member to the Lok Sabha and 1 member to the Rajya Sabha. The Chief Minister heads the executive, which is made up of the party or coalition elected with a majority in the legislature. Chief minister guide and control the activity of other ministers. The maximum term serves of chief minister is for five years and is subject to no term limits. The formation of the first Chief Minister of Nagaland was on 1 December 1963.## Sr No. Name Constituency Tenure Party 1. P. Shilu Ao Impur 1 December 1963 to 14 August 1966 (987 days) Naga Nationalist Organisation 2. Thepfulo-u Nakhro Angami Western Angami 14 August 1966 to 22 February 1969 (924 days) Naga Nationalist Organisation 3. Hokishe Sema Akuluto 22 February 1969 to 26 February 1974 (1831 days) Naga Nationalist Organisation 4. Vizol Angami Southern Angami-II 26 February 1974 to 10 March 1975 (378 days) United Democratic Front 5. John Bosco Jasokie Kohima Town 10 March 1975 to 20 March 1975 (11 days) Naga National Democratic Party President rule N/A 2 year 348 days N/A 6. Vizol Angami (2nd Term) Southern Angami-II 25 November 1977 to 18 April 1980 (876 days) United Democratic Front 7. Senayangba Chubatoshi Jamir Aonglenden 18 April 1980 to 5 June 1980 (49 days) United Democratic Front—Progressive 8. John Bosco Jasokie (2nd Term) Kohima Town 5 June 1980 to 18 November 1982 (897 days) Naga National Democratic Party 9. Senayangba Chubatoshi Jamir (2nd Term) Aonglenden 18 November 1982 to 28 October 1986 (1440 days) United Democratic Front—Progressive 10. Hokishe Sema (2nd Term) MLA 29 October 1986 to 7 August 1988 (648 days) Indian National Congress President rule N/A 237 days N/A 11. Senayangba Chubatoshi Jamir (3rd Term) Mokokchung Town 25 January 1989 to 10 May 1990 (471 days) Indian National Congress 12. K. L. Chishi Atoizu 16 May 1990 to 19 June 1990 (39 days) Indian National Congress 13. Vamuzo Phesao MLA 19 June 1990 to 2 April 1992 (653 days) Nagaland People's Council President rule N/A 67 days N/A 14. Senayangba Chubatoshi Jamir (4th Term) Aonglenden 22 February 1993 to 6 March 2003 (10 year 15 days) Indian National Congress 15. Neiphiu Rio Northern Angami-II 6 March 2003 to 3 January 2008 (4 year 307 days) Nagaland People's Front President rule N/A 69 days N/A 16. Neiphiu Rio (2nd Term) Northern Angami-II 12 March 2008 to 24 May 2014 (6 year 74 days) Nagaland People's Front 17. Taditui Rangkau Zeliang Peren 24 May 2014 to 22 February 2017 ( 2 year 275 days) Nagaland People's Front 18. Shurhozelie Liezietsu MLA 22 February 2017 to 19 July 2017 (147 days) Nagaland People's Front 19. Taditui Rangkau Zeliang (2nd Term) Peren 19 July 2017 to 8 March 2018 (232 days) Nagaland People's Front 20. Neiphiu Rio (3rd Term) Northern Angami-II 8 March 2018 to present Nationalist Democratic Progressive Party ⦿Did you know? 1.Neiphiu Rio set up the first music industry in Nagaland.## 2.Neiphiu Rio was awarded The Mother Teresa Millennium award.## 3.Senayangba Chubatoshi Jamir served as a Chief Minister of Nagaland, Governor of Gujarat, Governors of Maharashtra, Governor of Odisha and Governor of goa.## Stay Tuned...

BY SACNILK

The home Minister is the most senior officer in union cabinet . The Home Minister is the head of the ministry of home affairs in goverment of India . The responsibility of home minister is maintenance the India's internal security , security agencies , and domestic policy . Home ministry dealing with police , law , border management, and rehabilitation                    Sr.no Name Term Of Office Political Party 1. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel 02 September 1946 - 15 December 1950 Indian National Congress 2. C. Rajagopalachari 26 December 1950 - 25 October 1951 Indian National Congress 3. Kailash Nath Katju 05 November 1951 - 10 January 1955 Indian National Congress   4. Govind Ballabh Pant 10 January 1955- 25 February 1961 Indian national congress                    5. Lal Bahadur Shastri 04 April 1961-29 August 1963 Indian National Congress                    6. Gulzarilal Nanda 29 August 1963 - 14 November 1966 Indian National Congress                    7.  Yashwantrao Chavan 14 November 1966- 27 June 1970 Indian National Congress                    8. Indira Gandhi 27 June 1970 - 04 February 1973 Indian National Congress                    9. Uma Shankar Dikshit 04 February 1973 - 10 october1974 Indian National Congress                    10. Kasu Brahmananda Reddy 10 December 1974 - 24 March 1977 Indian National Congress                    11. Charan Singh 24 March 1977- 01 July 1978 Janta party 12. Moraji desai 01 July 1978 - 28 July 1979 Janta party 13. Yashwantrao chavan 01 July 1978 - 28 July 1979 Janta party ( secular ) 14. Giani zail singh 14 January 1980- 22 June 1982 Indian National Congress 15. R venkataraman 22 June 1982- 02 September 1982 Indian National Congress 16. Prakash chandra Sethi 02 September 1982 - 19 July 1984 Indian National Congress 17. P V Narasimha rao 19 July 1984 - 31 December 1984 Indian National Congress 18. Shankarrao chavan 31 December 1984 - 12 March 1986 Indian National Congress 19. P V narasimha rao 12 March 1986- 12 May 1986 Indian National Congress 20. Sardar buta Singh 12 May 1986 - 02 December 1989 Indian National Congress 21. Mufti Mohammad Sayeed 2 December 1989 - 10 November 1990 Janta dal 22. Chandra Shekhar 10 November 1990 - 21 June 1991 Samajwadi Janta Party 23. Shankarrao Chavan 21 June 1991 - 16 May 1996 Indian National Congress 24. Murli Manohar Joshi 16 May 1996 - 01 June 1996 Bhartiya Janta party 25. Indrajit Gupta 01 June 1996 - 19 March 1998 Communist Part India 26. L.k Advani 19 March 1998- 22 May 2004 Bhartiya Janta Party 27. Shivraj Patil 22 May 2004 -30 November 2008 Indian National Congress 28. P. Chidambaram 30 November 2008 - 31 July 2012 Indian National Congress 29. Sushilkumar Shinde 31 July 2012 - 26 May 2014 Indian National Congress 30. Rajnath singh 26 May 2014 - 30 May 2019 Bhartiya Janta Party 31. Amit Shah 30 May 2019 - Incumbent Bhartiya Janata Party                     ⦿Did you know? 1) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel was the first Home Minister of independent India.## 2) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel is famous as iron man of India.## 3)Three Home Ministers have gone on to become the Prime Minister: Lal Bahadur Shastri, Charan Singh and P. V. Narasimha Rao.## Stay Tuned...

BY SACNILK

India has 28 states and 8 Union territories as of April 2021 in this country. Jharkhand is the Fifteen largest state by area and the thirteenth largest state by population in Indian country.## The Chief Minister of Jharkhand is the chief executive of the Indian state of Jharkhand which is appointed by a state’s governor. The chief minister is the leader of the state Legislative assembly. They would be the chief adviser to the nominal head of their respected state. All new principal announcements of policy are made by him on the floor of the house. The Chief Minister supervises and co­ordinates the policies of the several Ministers involved in the formulation and implementation of a policy and department. For the removal of ministers, the governor dependent on the chief minister because the governor can’t remove/dismiss ministers at his will. The Chief Minister has a free hand in preparing the list of his colleagues and also he may ask anyone of his colleagues to resign.## Jharkhand had one legislature house and chamber, the Jharkhand Legislative Assembly has 81 seats, headed by a speaker. Jharkhand state sends 14 members to the Lok Sabha and 6 members to the Rajya Sabha. The Chief Minister heads the executive, which is made up of the party or coalition elected with a majority in the legislature. Chief minister guide and control the activity of other ministers. The maximum term serves of chief minister is for five years and is subject to no term limits. The first chief minister formed was on 15 November 2000.## Sr No. Name Constituency Tenure Party 1. Babulal Marandi Dhanwar 15 November 2000 to 18 March 2003 (2 years 123 days) Bharatiya Janata Party 2. Arjun Munda Khunti 18 March 2003 to 2 March 2005 (1 year 349 days) Bharatiya Janata Party 3. Shibu Soren Dumka 2 March 2005 to 12 March 2005 (10 days) Jharkhand Mukti Morcha 4. Arjun Munda (2nd Term) Khunti 12 March 2005 to 19 September 2006 (1 year 191 days) Bharatiya Janata Party 5. Madhu Koda Singhbhum-ST 19 September 2006 to 27 August 2008 (1 year 343 days) Independent 6. Shibu Soren (2nd Term) Dumka 27 August 2008 to 19 January 2009 (145 days) Jharkhand Mukti Morcha President rule N/A 345 days N/A 7. Shibu Soren (3rd Term) Dumka 1 June 2010 to 11 September 2010 (102 days) Jharkhand Mukti Morcha President rule N/A 102days N/A 8. Arjun Munda (3rd Term) Khunti 11 September 2010 to 18 January 2013 (2 years 129 days) Bharatiya Janata party President rule N/A 176 days N/A 9. Hemant Soren Jharkhand 13 July 2013 to 28 December 2014 (1 year 168 days) Jharkhand Mukti Morcha 10. Raghubar Das Jamshedpur East 28 December 2014 to 29 December 2019 (5 years 1 day) Bharatiya Janata party 11. Hemant Soren (2nd Term) Jharkhand 29 December 2019 to present Jharkhand Mukti Morcha ⦿Did you know? 1.Six people have served as the state’s chief minister after the formation of Jharkhand.## 2.Raghubar Das from the Bharatiya Janata party has completed full term severs.## 3.Hemant Soren the current Chief Minister of Jharkhand is a son of Shibu Soren former third chief Minister of Jharkhand.## Stay Tuned...

BY SACNILK

India has 28 states and 8 Union territories as of April 2021 in this country. Manipur is the Twenty-three largest state by area and the Twenty-four largest state by population in Indian country.## The Chief Minister of Manipur is the chief executive of the Indian state of Manipur which is appointed by a state’s governor. The chief minister is the leader of the state Legislative assembly. They would be the chief adviser to the nominal head of their respected state. All new principal announcements of policy are made by him on the floor of the house. The Chief Minister supervises and co­ordinates the policies of the several Ministers involved in the formulation and implementation of a policy and department. For the removal of ministers, the governor dependent on the chief minister because the governor can’t remove/dismiss ministers at his will. The Chief Minister has a free hand in preparing the list of his colleagues and also he may ask anyone of his colleagues to resign.## Manipur has one legislative house and chamber, the Manipur Legislative Assembly has 60 seats, headed by a speaker. Manipur state sends 2 members to the Lok Sabha and 1 member to the Rajya Sabha. The Chief Minister heads the executive, which is made up of the party or coalition elected with a majority in the legislature. Chief minister guide and control the activity of other ministers. The maximum term serves of chief minister is for five years and is subject to no term limits. The first chief minister formed was on 1 July 1963.## Sr No. Name Constituency Tenure Party 1. Mairembam Koireng Singh Thanga 1 July 1963 to 11 January 1967 (3 years 194 days) Indian National Congress President rule N/A 68 days N/A 2. Mairembam Koireng Singh (2nd Term) Thanga 20 March 1967 to 4 October 1967 (198 days) Indian National Congress 3. Longjam Thambou Singh MLC 13 October 1967 to 24 October 1967 (11 days) Manipur United Front President rule N/A 116 days N/A 4. Mairembam Koireng Singh (3rd Term) Thanga 19 February 1968 to 16 October 1969 (1 year 239 days) Indian National Congress President rule N/A 2 years 157 days N/A 5. Mohammed Alimuddin Lilong 23 March 1972 to 27 March 1973 (1 year 5 days) Manipur Peoples Party President rule N/A 340 days N/A 6. Mohammed Alimuddin (2nd Term) Lilong 4 March 1974 to 9 July 1974 (127 days) Manipur Peoples Party 7. Yangmasho Shaiza Ukhrul 10 July 1974 to 5 December 1974 (148 days) Manipur Hills Union 8. Raj Kumar Dorendra Singh Yaiskul 6 December 1974 to 15 May 1977 (2 years 160 days) Indian National Congress President rule N/A 43 days N/A 9. Yangmasho Shaiza (2nd Term) Ukhrul 29 June 1977 to 13 November 1979 (2 years 137 days) Janata Party President rule N/A 60 days N/A 10. Raj Kumar Dorendra Singh (2nd Term) Yaiskul 14 January 1980 to 26 November 1980 (317 days) Indian National Congress 11. Rishang Keishing Phungyar 27 November 1980 to 27 February 1981 (92 days) Indian National Congress President rule N/A 110 days N/A 12. Rishang Keishing (2nd Term) Phungyar 19 June 1981 to 3 March 1988 (6 years 258 days) Indian National Congress (I) 13. Raj Kumar Jaichandra Singh Sagolband 4 March 1988 to 22 February 1990 (1 year 355 days) Indian National Congress (I) 14. Raj Kumar Ranbir Singh Keishamthong 23 February 1990 to 6 January 1992 (1 year 317 days) Manipur Peoples Party President rule N/A 91 days N/A 15. Raj Kumar Dorendra Singh (3rd Term) Yaiskul 8 April 1992 to 10 April 1993 (1 year 2 days) Indian National Congress President rule N/A 347 days N/A 16. Rishang Keishing (3rd Term) Phungyar 14 December 1994 to 15 December 1997 (3 years 1 day) Indian National Congress 17. Wahengbam Nipamacha Singh Wangoi 16 December 1997 to 14 February 2001 (3 years 60 days) Manipur State Congress Party 18. Radhabinod Koijam Thangmeiband 15 February 2001 to 1 June 2001 (106 days) Samata Party President rule N/A 277 days N/A 19. Okram Ibobi Singh Thoubal 7 March 2002 to 14 March 2017 (15 years 11 days) Indian National Congress 20. Nongthombam Biren Singh Heingang 15 March 2017 to present Bharatiya Janata party ⦿Did you know? 1.Twelve people have served as Chief Minister of Manipur since 1963.## 2.Nongthombam Biren Singh is an Indian politician and former footballer and journalist. He is the current Chief Minister of Manipur.## 3.The CBI registered a case on November 20, 2019, against Okram Ibobi Singh under the Prevent of Money Laundering Act.## Stay Tuned...

BY SACNILK

India has 28 states and 8 Union territories as of April 2021 in this country. Mizoram state is a Twenty-four rank in the largest state by area and Twenty-eight rank in the largest state by population in Indian country. Mizoram the second least populous state in the country. The creation of the State of Mizoram on 20 February 1987, as India’s 23rd state.## The Chief Minister of Mizoram is the chief executive of the Indian state which is appointed by a governor. The chief minister is the leader of the state Legislative assembly. They would be the chief adviser to the nominal head of their respected state. All new principal announcements of policy are made by him on the floor of the house. The Chief Minister supervises and co­ordinates the policies of the several Ministers involved in the formulation and implementation of a policy and department. For the removal of ministers, the governor is dependent on the chief minister because the governor can’t remove/dismiss ministers at his will. The Chief Minister has a free hand in preparing the list of his colleagues and also he may ask anyone of his colleagues to resign.## Mizoram has one legislature house and chamber, the Mizoram Legislative Assembly has 40 seats, headed by a speaker. Mizoram state sends 1 member to the Lok Sabha and 1 member to the Rajya Sabha. The Chief Minister heads the executive, which is made up of the party or coalition elected with a majority in the legislature. Chief minister guide and control the activity of other ministers. The maximum term serves of chief minister is for five years and is subject to no term limits. The formation of the first Chief Minister in Mizoram was on 3 May 1972. Sr No. Name Constituency Tenure Party 1. Ch. Chhunga Kolasib 3 May 1972 to 10 May 1977 (5 years 7 days) Mizo union President rule N/A 1 Year 21 days N/A 2. Thenphunga sailo Aizawl North 2 June 1978 to 10 November 1978 (161 days) Mizo People’s conference President rule N/A 179 days N/A 3. Thenphunga sailo (2nd Term) Aizawl North 8 May 1979 to 4 May 1984 (4 years 362 days) Mizo People’s conference 4. Lal Thanhawla Serchhip 5 May 1984 to 20 August 1986 (2 years 107 days) Indian National Congress 5. Laldenga Aizawl North II 21 August 1986 to 7 September 1988 (2 years 17 days) Mizo National Front President rule N/A 139 days N/A 6. Lal Thanhawla (2nd Term) Serchhip 24 January 1989 to 3 December 1998 (9 year 313 days) Indian national Congress 7. Zoramthanga Champhai 3 December 1998 to 11 December 2008 (10 years 8 days) Mizo National Front 8. Lal Thanhawla (3rd Term) Serchhip 11 December 2008 to 14 December 2018 (10 years 3 days) Indian National Congress 9. Zoramthanga Aizawl East I 15 December 2018 to present Mizo National Front ⦿Did you know? 1.Lal Thanhawla holds the record of longest-serving Chief Minister of Mizoram.## 2.Lal Thanhawla joined the underground movement called Mizo National Front as Foreign Secretary. Police have captured him and imprisoned him at Silchar jail. He was released in 1967 and after that, he joined the Indian National Congress party.## 3. Lal Thanhawla is more actively involved in sports.## Stay Tuned...

BY SACNILK

A smartphone is a portable electronic device that advanced functionality beyond making phone calls and sending a text message it also allows access to the internet.## It integrates the functionality of mobile telephone and computing into one unit. ## In 1993, IBM released the IBM Simon the first touchscreen phone.## IBM and The World’s First Smartphone – Touch screen, Email, Fax, Notes, and Calendar.## Then Came to Blackberry – Calendar, Music, A full keyboard, Advanced security, Internet access.## The smartphone market was valued at USD 714.96 billion in 2020 and is expected to reach USD 1351.8 billion by 2026.## Here is a list of the top 10 smartphones in the World according to sales per year.## Sr.No Company Name Launched Founder Brand Country Sales per year 1. Samsung 1969 Lee Byung-chul South Korea 321.2 million per unit 2. Apple 1976 Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, Ronald Wayne United States 217+ million iphones 3. Xiaomi 2010 Lei Jun, Lin Bin, Li Wanqiang, Wang Chuan, Zhou Guangping, Hong Feng, Liu De, Wong Jiangji China 119 million phone 4. 4.Huawei 1987 Ren Zhengfei China 107.13 billion USD 5. Tecno 2006 George Zhu Hong Kong 74 million USD 6. Vivo 2009 Duan Yongping, Shen Wei China 49.5 million units 7. Asus 1989 Ted Hsu, M.T. Liao, Wayne Tsiah, T.H. Tung, Luca D.M. Taiwan 40 million phones 8. ZTE 1985 Hou Weigui (Chinese: 侯為貴; pinyin: Hóu Wéiguì) China 40 million phones 9. Realme 2018 Sky Li China 30 million USD 10. OPPO 2001, 2004 (Globally registered) Tony Chen China 29 million units Ranking of top 10 smartphones According to Brand Rating Rank Brand Name Country Brand Rating 1. Samsung South Korea 9.9 2. Apple United States 9.9 3. Google Pixel United States 9.8 4. OnePlusChina 9.7 5. Huawei China 9.7 6. Xiaomi China 9.6 7. Oppo China 9.5 8. Vivo China 9.4 9. Sony Japan 9.3 10. Asus Taiwan 9.2 ⦿Did you know? 1. 77% of Americans have smartphones.## 2. Samsung secured more patents than any other company worldwide with 7670 U.S. patents.## 3.Facebook is the most popular iPhone app of all time.## Stay Tuned...

BY SACNILK

Indian government started vaccination drive on 16 January 2021. As of 01 May 2021, 21,60,46,638 citizens has received at least one dose of vaccine and there's a huge rush to book vaccine slot. One can visit CoWIN portal and register for vaccination. There's a huge shortage of vaccines in the country and everyone is keeping a keen eye on the availability of the slots.To save your time and effort and help you to book vaccine slots as fast as possible we present our list of hacks, do's, and don't's to book your vaccine slots quickly.## 1. Use APIs - We understand that most of the population does not know how to write an API code to check vaccine availability and get notifications likewise. So, instead of writing code and developing the program, head to the below-listed websites. These websites are really time-savor and we compared the time taken to deliver notifications with our build API program and there's a negligible time difference. ##How to use the vaccine API websites? 1. Click on any of the below-listed websites and make sure to have active WhatsApp, Telegram, Email account. We recommend to use smartphones rather than desktop devices for better experience. ⦿ Telegram alerts for vaccination slots in India (Above 45) ⦿ Telegram alerts for vaccination slots in India (Under 45) ⦿ VaccinateMe | Get Notified When Vaccinations Are Available (All age groups) ⦿ GetJab.in 2. Once the page is completely loaded, Enter/Select your desired district or you can even enter PINCODE. 3. Select the age group you wish to go for, one can even select all age groups and hit Continue/Next. Also fill extra details required by respective websites 4. Now select the medium through which you want to get repeated notifications.⦿ For Above45.in and Under45.in : Telegram notifications only ⦿ For VaccinateMe.in : WhatsApp or Simple SMS notifications ⦿ For GetJab.in : Email or Simple SMS notifications## That's it, now sit back and relax, you'll get repeated notifications once the slots are available in your city/district.## 2. Official MyGov Corona Helpdesk - Visit Official MyGov Corona Helpdesk (WhatsApp). Now you can text any message such as Hi, Hello, etc. and it will pop up an in-depth helpline and safety message on WhatsApp. You can also type "Menu" and the chat will show a variety of options to select from. Enter 1, 2, 3,...8 as per your need. To directly check vaccine availability just enter your PINCODE (e.g, 400001) and the chatbot will display the available slots with type of vaccine available. This method is very useful for devices with slow internet connections.## 3. Avoid visiting multiple pages - It is noted that generally, citizens are first visiting CoWIN portal and after that following the steps to go login to their account once registered. Stop that! Instead of visiting multiple pages and following multiple steps, straightly visit www.selfregistration.cowin.gov.in/ and save your time and data to login to your CoWIN account. Although, if you're a first-time user and registering for the very first time, follow the complete procedure.## 4. Change notification sound - Since we're now using specific APIs and websites, you must set different notification sound for your Apps such as WhatsApp, Telegram, and Gmail. We get loads of notifications these days and hence it is necessary to segregate our Important Notifications. Use a more alarming tone for these notifications. This will improve the efficiency much better.## 5. Use CoWIN Website over App - This might sound a bit obnoxious to some people but the mobile application's server is a bit slow as compared to the official CoWIN website. Also, the Aarogya Setu app and other similar apps crash after the update, and sometimes it takes time to log in. We highly recommend using the CoWIN portal.## 6. Don't buy vaccine from any other sources - Even in this crucial time, people are making a business out of the pandemic, please don't trust sources other than CoWIN, Aarogya Setu platforms. Those claiming to vaccinate without online registration and any document verification are usually fake. Report such platforms to the government's official handles or simply report them to the local police. ## 7. Use MapmyIndia - Very few are aware of the MapmyIndia application built by the collective effort of ISRO & MapmyIndia. It offers India’s best indigenous maps, navigation & geospatial apps & services. The most unique feature of the app is that it can show the verified vaccination centers across your region and also various verified helplines. Go download the app from Playstore and Appstore now!## Sacnilk hopes you are staying healthy and safe## Stay Tuned...

BY SACNILK

Google LLC(Limited liability company) is an American multinational technology company that works in Internet-related services and products, which include online advertising technologies, a search engine, cloud computing, software, and hardware.## Google was officially launched in 1998 by Larry Page and Sergey Brin Alphabet Inc is a holding company that gives ambitious projects the resources, freedom, and focus to make their ideas happen.## A data center is a facility with many computers that store and process large amounts of information The company currently operates three data centers in its Asia-south cloud region in Mumbai, and earlier this year announced plans to open in Delhi.## AIM: "Google's corporate mission is 'to organize the world's information and make it universally accessible and useful and its corporate vision is 'to provide access to the world's information in one click".## Google has a 92.16% market share as of December 2020 and handling more than 5.4 billion searches each day.## 3} Larry Page (1998–2001 and 2011–2015) He was born on 26 March 1973 in Lansing, Michigan, United States. He has citizenship of America.## The larry page has a Bachelor of Science degree in engineering from the University of Michigan, Page decided to concentrate on computer engineering for graduate studies at Stanford University, where he met Brin later graduated from East Lansing High School (1987–1991).## Pre-Google Career## Page and Brin wrote the paper “Dynamic Data Mining: A New Architecture for Data with High Dimensionality,” and followed it with “The Anatomy of a Large-Scale Hypertextual Web Search Engine.”The latter paper quickly became one of the most downloaded scientific documents in the history of the Internet.## At Google## Page was the chief executive officer of Google from 1997 until August 2001 (stepping down in favor of Eric Schmidt) then from April 2011 until July 2015 when he moved to become CEO of Alphabet Inc. (created to deliver "major advancements" as Google's parent company), a post he held until December 4, 2019.## Achievements## The Innovator Under 35 is a peer-reviewed annual award and listicle published by MIT Technology Review magazine, naming the world's top 35 innovators under the age of 35 Innovators Under 35 2002.## The Marconi Prize is an annual award recognizing achievements and advancements made in the field of communications 2004.## Google has since purchased the entire property, known as the GooglePlex, one of the most unusual and innovative workplaces in the world, replete with exercise and recreational facilities.## Net Worth- 1,850 crores USD.## 2}Eric Schmidt (2001–2011) He was born on 27 April 1955 at Falls Church, Virginia, United States. he has American citizenship.## Eric Schmidt was graduated from Yorktown High School in Arlington, Virginia, in 1972. He aspired to be an architect and joined Princeton University, as an architecture major. But, he soon understood that he was more interested in electrical engineering and changed his major. He graduated with a B.S. degree in 1976. ##The University of California, Berkeley, from where he earned an M.S. degree in 1979 and He worked on his Ph.D. following the completion of his Master’s from the same university and earned his doctorate in 1982 ## Pre-Google Career## Schmidt held a series of technical positions with IT companies including Byzromotti Design, Bell Labs (in research and development), Zilog, and Palo Alto Research Center (PARC).## During his summers at Bell Labs, he and Mike Lesk wrote Lex, a program used in compiler construction that generates lexical-analyzers from regular-expression descriptions. In 1983, Schmidt joined Sun Microsystems as its first software manager In April 1997, Schmidt became the CEO and chairman of the board of Novell.## At Google## In March 2001, Schmidt joined Google's board of directors as chair and became the company's CEO in August 2001.## Achievements## In its 2011 'World's Billionaires' list, Forbes ranked Schmidt as the 136th-richest person in the world, with an estimated wealth of $7 billion.## On August 28, 2006, Schmidt was elected to Apple Inc.'s board of directors, a position he held until August 2009.## Net Worth-Eric Schmidt was paid a salary of $250,00.## 1}Sundar Pichai (2015-present) He was born on 12 July 1972 in Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India. He has American Citizenship .## Pichai completed schooling in Jawahar Vidyalaya, Central Board of Secondary Education school in Ashok Nagar, Chennai and completed the Class XII from Vana Vani school at IIT Madras.## He earned his degree from IIT Kharagpur in metallurgical engineering and is a distinguished alumnus from that institution, Completed his MS (Masters in Science) from Stanford University in Material sciences and Engineering, and He did his MBA from the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania.## Pre-Google Career## He worked for McKinsey and Company in consulting. He contributed to engineering and product management at Applied Materials during his pre- Google days.## At Google## He joined Google in 2004 and worked on popular products like Toolbar, Google Gears, and Google Pack before Chrome was launched In 2008 he was appointed as VP (vice president) of product development, By 2012 he was the senior VP of Chrome and apps.## A year earlier he was announced the Product Chief at Google by Larry Page.## Achievements## Android was added to Google products by Sundar Pichai. Andy Rubin formerly managed Android. He serves as a Member of the Board of Advisors at Ruba Inc. He headed Jive Software from April 2011 until July 30, 2013. Google appointed him as new CEO on August 10, 2015. Sundar Pichai was named CEO of Alphabet as well as Google 3 Dec 2019.## He has made over $100.5 million in the year 2015.## Net Worth- Sundar Pichai's Net Worth: $600 Million With a wealth of Rs 5,900 crore .## ⦿Did you know? 1. Since Google launched Street View in 2007, the team has photographed more than 7.2 million miles of road.## 2. Google's search index is more than 100 million gigabytes in size. It would take 100,000 one-terabyte personal drives to contain the same amount of data.## Stay Tuned...

BY SACNILK

India has 28 states and 8 Union territories as of April 2021 in this country. West Bengal is the thirteenth-largest state by area and the fourth largest state by population in India country.## The Chief Minister of West Bengal is the chief executive of the Indian state of West Bengal which is appointed by a state's governor. The chief minister is the leader of the state Legislative assembly. They would be the chief adviser to the nominal head of their respected state. All new principal announcements of policy are made by him on the floor of the house. The Chief Minister supervises and co­ordinates the policies of the several Ministers involved in the formulation and implementation of a policy and department. For the removal of ministers, governor is dependent on the chief minister because the governor can’t remove/dismiss ministers at his will. The Chief Minister has a free hand in preparing the list of his colleagues and also he may ask anyone of his colleagues to resign.## West Bengal has one legislature house and chamber, the West Bengal Legislative Assembly has 294 seats, headed by a speaker. West Bengal state sends 42 members to the Lok Sabha and 15 members to the Rajya Sabha. The Chief Minister heads the executive, which is made up of the party or coalition elected with a majority in the legislature. Chief minister guide and control the activity of other ministers. The maximum term serves of chief minister is for five years and is subject to no term limits. The first chief minister formed was on 15 August 1947. Sr No. Name Constituency Tenure Party 1. Prafulla Chandra Ghosh N/A 15 August 1947 to 22 January 1948 (160 days) Indian National Congress 2. Bidhan Chandra Roy Bowbazar 23 January 1948 to 1 July 1962 (5 times selected) (14 years 158 days Indian National Congress 3. Prafulla Chandra Sen Arambagh East 9 July 1962 to 28 February 1967 (4 years 234 days) Indian National Congress 4. Ajoy Kumar Mukherjee Tamluk 1 March 1967 to 21 November 1967 (265 days) Bangla Congress 5. Prafulla Chandra Ghosh (2nd Term) Jhargram 21 November 1967 to 19 February 1968 (90 days) Independent President rule N/A 1 Year 5 days N/A 6. Ajoy Kumar Mukherjee (2nd Term) Tamluk 2 April 1971 to 28 June 1971 (87 days) Bangla Congress President rule N/A 265 days N/A 7. Siddhartha Shankar Ray Malda 20 March 1972 to 30 April 1977 (5 year 41 days) Indian National Congress President rule N/A 51 days N/A 8. Jyoti Basu Satgachhia 21 June 1977 to 5 November 2000 (5 time selected) (23 years 137 days) Communist Party of India 9. Buddhadeb Bhattacharya Jadavpur 6 November 2000 to 13 May 2011 (3 time selected) (10 year 188 days) Communist party of India 10. Mamata Banerjee Bhabanipur 20 May 2011 to present All India Trinamool Congress ⦿Did you know? 1.Mamata Banerjee was twice time Railway minister and also first female Minister of Coal, and Human Resource Development, Sports, youth affairs, and Women and Child Development.## 2.Mamata Banerjee is also known for her poetry and painting.## 3.Jyoti Basu was the longest-serving Chief Minister of West Bengal from 1977 to 2000.## 4.Jyoti base was enrolled as a barrister in the Calcutta High Court but he abandoned his practice as a lawyer and become a full-time politician.## Stay Tuned...